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Richard Diebenkorn (April 22, 1922 – March 30, 1993) was an American painter. His early work is associated with abstract expressionism and the Bay Area Figurative Movement of the 1950s and 1960s. His later work (best known as the ''Ocean Park'' paintings) were instrumental to his achievement of worldwide acclaim. ==Biography== Richard Clifford Diebenkorn Jr. was born on April 22, 1922 in Portland, Oregon. His family moved to San Francisco, California, when he was two years old. From the age of four or five he was continually drawing.〔Livingston, J: "The Art of Richard Diebenkorn", page 18. Whitney California, 1997.〕 In 1940, Diebenkorn entered Stanford University, where he met his first two artistic mentors, professor and muralist Victor Arnautoff, who guided Diebenkorn in classical formal discipline with oil paint; and Daniel Mendelowitz, with whom he shared a passion for the work of Edward Hopper.〔Livingston, J: "The Art of Richard Diebenkorn", pages 20–21. Whitney California, 1997.〕 Hopper's influence can be seen in Diebenkorn's representational work of this time. Diebenkorn served in the United States Marine Corps from 1943 to 1945.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.diebenkorn.org/bio/bio.html )〕 During the late 1940s and early 1950s, he lived and worked in various places: San Francisco and Sausalito (1946–47 and 1947–50), Woodstock, New York (1947), Albuquerque, New Mexico (1950–52), Urbana, Illinois (1952–53), and Berkeley, California (1953–1966). He developed his own style of abstract expressionist painting. After WWII, the focus of the art world shifted from the School of Paris to the US and in particular to the New York School. In 1946, Diebenkorn enrolled as a student in the California School of Fine Arts in San Francisco (CSFA), which was developing its own vigorous style of abstract expressionism. In 1947, after ten months in Woodstock on an Alfred Bender travel grant, Diebenkorn had returned to the CSFA, where he adopted abstract expressionism as his vehicle for self-expression. He was offered a place on the CSFA Faculty in 1947 and taught there until 1950. He was influenced at first by Clyfford Still, who also taught at the CSFA from 1946 to 1950, Arshile Gorky, Hassel Smith and Willem de Kooning. He became a leading abstract expressionist on the west coast. In 1950 to 1952, Diebenkorn was enrolled under the G.I. Bill in the University of New Mexico’s graduate Fine Arts department where he continued to adapt his abstract expressionist style. He lived in Berkeley, California, from 1955 to 1966. By the mid-1950s, Diebenkorn had become an important figurative painter, in a style that bridged Henri Matisse with abstract expressionism. Diebenkorn, Elmer Bischoff, Henry Villierme, David Park, James Weeks and others participated in a renaissance of figurative painting, dubbed the Bay Area Figurative Movement. From fall 1964 to spring 1965, Diebenkorn traveled through Europe and he was granted a cultural visa to visit important Soviet museums and view their holdings of Matisse's paintings. When he returned to painting in the Bay Area in mid-1965, his resulting works summed up all that he had learned from more than a decade as a leading figurative painter.〔Jane Livingston, ''The Art of Richard Diebenkorn'', p.56, 1997–1998 Exhibition catalog, The Whitney Museum of American Art, ''The Art of Richard Diebenkorn'', ISBN 0-520-21257-6,〕 The Henri Matisse paintings ''French Window at Collioure'', and ''View of Notre-Dame''〔(''View of Notre Dame, 1914'' at MoMA, retrieved December 18, 2008 )〕 both from 1914 exerted tremendous influence on Richard Diebenkorn's ''Ocean Park'' paintings. According to art historian Jane Livingston, Diebenkorn saw both Matisse paintings in an exhibition in Los Angeles in 1966 and they had an enormous impact on him and his work.〔Livingston, Jane. "The Art of Richard Diebenkorn". In: 1997–1998 Exhibition catalog, Whitney Museum of American Art. 62–67. ISBN 0-520-21257-6〕 Livingston says about the January 1966 Matisse exhibition that Diebenkorn saw in Los Angeles: It is difficult not to ascribe enormous weight to this experience for the direction his work took from that time on. Two pictures he saw there reverberate in almost every ''Ocean Park'' canvas. ''View of Notre Dame'' and ''French Window at Collioure'', both painted in 1914, were on view for the first time in the US.〔 Livingston goes on to say "Diebenkorn must have experienced ''French Window at Collioure'' as an epiphany."〔Livingston, Jane. ''The Art of Richard Diebenkorn''. In 1997–1998 Exhibition catalog, Whitney Museum of American Art. 64. ISBN 0-520-21257-6,〕 In 1967, Diebenkorn moved to Santa Monica and took up a professorship at UCLA. He moved into a small studio space in the same building as his old friend from the Bay Area, Sam Francis. In the winter of 1966–67 he returned to abstraction, this time in a distinctly personal, geometric style that clearly departed from his early abstract expressionist period. The "Ocean Park" series, begun in 1967 and developed for the next 18 years, became his most famous work and resulted in approximately 135 paintings. Based on the aerial landscape and perhaps the view from the window of his studio, these large-scale abstract compositions are named after a community in Santa Monica, where he had his studio. Diebenkorn retired from UCLA in 1973. The ''Ocean Park'' series bridges his earlier abstract expressionist works with color field painting and lyrical abstraction. He taught at this time at UCLA. In 1990, Diebenkorn produced a series of six etchings for the Arion Press edition of "Poems of W. B. Yeats", with poems selected and introduced by Helen Vendler. Diebenkorn died due to complications from emphysema in Berkeley on March 30, 1993. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Richard Diebenkorn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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